Space Exploration

Aetherflux Secures $50M Funding to Revolutionize Space Solar Energy in 2026

By Jonathan Bala April 2, 2025

Aetherflux Secures $50M Funding to Revolutionize Space Solar Energy in 2026

Aetherflux is on a mission to revolutionize energy production by harnessing solar power from space, with a significant funding boost that will help them achieve their goals.

Summary

Aetherflux has raised $50 million in Series A funding.
The startup aims to launch its first satellite in low Earth orbit in 2026.
Founded by Baiju Bhatt, co-founder of Robinhood.
The company plans to create a constellation of satellites to collect solar energy.
The technology is inspired by Isaac Asimov’s 1941 short story “Reason.”
The funding will be used to hire engineers and develop technology.
Aetherflux will use Apex Space’s Aries satellite bus for its missions.
The goal is to demonstrate end-to-end power linking from space to Earth.
The startup is evaluating military sites for its first ground station.
Aetherflux aims to create portable ground stations for remote areas.
The company has received support from notable investors, including Bill Gates.
Previous successful missions in space solar power have been limited.
Aetherflux’s approach is focused on scalability and commercial viability.
The startup has a total funding of $60 million, including Baiju Bhatt’s personal investment.
The technology could significantly impact energy access globally.
Aetherflux is part of a growing interest in space-based energy solutions.

A big milestone for @AetherfluxUSA : The Department of Defense’s Operational Energy Capability Improvement Fund (OECIF) announced it approved Aetherflux’s program, AETHER, for funding to develop space solar power for the U.S. military. OECIF invests in science and technology… pic.twitter.com/iMTEqCIpag

— Baiju Bhatt (@BaijuBhatt) February 25, 2025

Introduction

Aetherflux is making waves in the energy sector with its ambitious plans to harness solar power from space. Founded by Baiju Bhatt, the billionaire co-founder of Robinhood, the startup has recently secured $50 million in a Series A funding round. This funding will help Aetherflux launch its first satellite in low Earth orbit by 2026. The concept of collecting solar energy from space is not just a dream; it is a vision that Bhatt is determined to turn into reality.

The Vision Behind Aetherflux

The idea of collecting solar energy from space has been around for decades, but Aetherflux aims to make it a practical reality. The inspiration for this venture came from Isaac Asimov’s 1941 short story “Reason,” which envisioned a future where humans could harness energy from the cosmos. Aetherflux’s goal is to create a constellation of satellites that can collect solar energy and transmit it directly to ground stations on Earth.

Funding and Support

The recent funding round has brought Aetherflux’s total funding to $60 million, thanks to Bhatt’s personal investment of $10 million. The Series A round was led by Index Ventures and Interlagos, with participation from notable investors like Bill Gates’s Breakthrough Energy Ventures, Andreessen Horowitz, and NEA. This diverse group of investors highlights the growing interest in space-based energy solutions.

Technology and Infrastructure

Aetherflux plans to use Apex Space’s Aries satellite bus for its missions. The satellite bus is the core structure of a satellite, providing essential functions like power, propulsion, and communications. Most satellite buses generate power through solar panels, and Aetherflux aims to convert this power into laser energy that can be beamed back to Earth.

The receiving end will consist of ground stations equipped with photovoltaic arrays. These arrays will convert the laser energy into electricity, which can then be stored in batteries for later use. Bhatt and his team, composed of engineers and researchers from organizations like NASA, SpaceX, and Lockheed Martin, are also working on building the first ground station. While a specific location has not been finalized, military sites are being evaluated for their controlled airspace.

The Future of Space Solar Energy

Aetherflux’s vision extends beyond just launching a satellite. The company aims to develop small, portable ground stations that can provide electricity to remote locations. This could be a game-changer for communities that lack access to reliable energy sources.

Challenges and Opportunities

While Aetherflux is paving the way for space solar energy, the journey is not without challenges. Few have successfully transmitted solar power from space to Earth. One notable achievement was in 2023, when researchers at Caltech’s Space Solar Power Project demonstrated wireless power transfer from low Earth orbit using microwave beaming. However, Aetherflux aims to create a scalable and commercial system that can meet global energy demands.

Conclusion

Aetherflux is at the forefront of a revolutionary approach to energy production. With significant funding and a clear vision, the startup is poised to change how we think about solar energy. By harnessing the power of the sun from space, Aetherflux could provide a sustainable energy solution for the future.

Facts

- The idea of space-based solar power was popularized by science fiction writer Isaac Asimov in his 1941 story “Reason.”
- Baiju Bhatt, before founding Aetherflux, co-founded Robinhood, a company that revolutionized commission-free trading.
- Aetherflux’s satellite will utilize laser technology to transmit energy, a method that offers precise targeting and minimal atmospheric interference.

References

[Caltech’s Space Solar Power Project](https://newatlas.com/energy/space-solar-power-transmission-test-caltech/)

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Geography

Geothermal Energy: The Greatest Treasure Ever Discovered Beneath the Ocean

By Jonathan Bala January 6, 2025

The Greatest Treasure Ever Discovered Beneath the Ocean

Geothermal energy, discovered beneath the ocean, has the potential to power humanity indefinitely. However, the vast technological challenges of extracting this energy from deep underwater geothermal vents could delay its widespread use for centuries, or even millennia. Despite this, overcoming the hurdles could offer humanity an infinite, clean, and reliable energy source, providing a sustainable future for generations to come.

Summary

Geothermal Energy: Energy sourced from heat emitted by rift valleys under the ocean’s surface.
Clean and Sustainable: It offers a constant energy supply, unlike solar or wind energy which depend on weather conditions.
Global Cooperation Needed: The process will require immense international cooperation, technological advancements, and massive investments.
Ocean Exploration: Specialized machines and teams of engineers will be needed to extract and transport energy from the ocean depths.
Political and Legal Hurdles: Many geothermal vents are in international waters. This means they aren’t owned by any one country. Countries will need to make complex legal agreements. These agreements will help them decide how to share and manage the resources from the vents.

Geothermal Energy: The Greatest Treasure Ever Discovered Beneath the Ocean — Section of the earth and core

Introduction: Humanity’s Greatest Treasure

In a time where humanity’s need for clean energy is paramount, we have stumbled upon what might be the greatest treasure ever discovered — a resource buried deep beneath the ocean, capable of fueling human civilization for millennia to come. This treasure isn’t made of gold, jewels, or rare metals, but rather geothermal energy — the heat stored beneath the Earth’s crust, particularly in rift valleys under the sea.

The geothermal vents found on the ocean floor emit a constant stream of heat, offering the potential to power humanity in ways we have never thought possible. However, as is often the case with monumental discoveries, there is a catch. To harness this energy, humanity must first overcome significant technical challenges that could take generations or even millennia to address. But if we succeed, we could unlock a virtually unlimited, clean energy source.

What is Geothermal Energy?

Geothermal energy originates from the heat emitted by the Earth’s core, which constantly radiates toward the surface. This heat is particularly abundant at the rift valleys beneath the ocean, where the Earth’s tectonic plates meet. Seismic activity around these rifts causes the Earth’s crust to fracture, allowing for the continuous release of heat.

In theory, this geothermal energy is inexhaustible. Unlike solar or wind power, which fluctuate with weather conditions, geothermal energy is constant. This makes it an incredibly reliable energy source, capable of providing consistent power to homes, businesses, and industries for the foreseeable future.

However, despite its vast potential, tapping into this energy source presents a complex set of challenges, many of which are technological in nature.

The Potential Benefits of Harnessing Geothermal Energy

The benefits of harnessing geothermal energy are far-reaching, impacting everything from climate change to the global economy. Let’s explore some of the key advantages:

Unlimited and Clean Power: Geothermal energy, unlike fossil fuels, doesn’t pollute the air, and it can last as long as the Earth itself. This makes it one of the most sustainable energy sources available.
Reliability: Unlike renewable energy sources such as wind and solar, which depend on weather conditions, geothermal energy is constant. This ensures a stable and predictable energy supply.
Global Energy Security: Geothermal energy, if harnessed correctly, could provide energy security to countries worldwide, reducing their dependence on imported oil and gas.
Potential for Localized Energy: Geothermal power could be harnessed and used locally, reducing the need for extensive power grids and long-distance energy transportation.

The Challenges of Extracting Geothermal Energy from the Ocean Floor

Despite the tremendous potential of geothermal energy, the technical challenges are formidable. Extracting energy from the ocean’s depths is far from easy and requires groundbreaking innovations. Some of the key challenges include:

Deep-sea Exploration and Technology: The geothermal vents are located deep beneath the ocean’s surface, requiring advanced deep-sea exploration tools and robots. These machines must be able to withstand extreme pressure, temperature, and corrosive conditions.
Energy Extraction Mechanisms: Developing efficient and scalable technology to extract heat from the vents is a major hurdle. This requires the construction of highly specialized drilling rigs or energy-extraction systems that can operate in deep ocean conditions.
Transporting the Energy: Once extracted, the geothermal energy must be transported to land for use. This involves not just the extraction but also the creation of underwater energy transmission systems, which must be durable, cost-effective, and capable of transmitting large amounts of power.
Cost and Investment: The scale of the project needed to harness geothermal energy from the ocean floor would be vast and expensive. Billions, if not trillions, of dollars would be required to fund the research, development, and deployment of the technology.

The Grecian Delight and Global Cooperation

The situation becomes even more complicated when we consider the international nature of this resource. Many of the most abundant geothermal vents lie in international waters, making them a shared resource among many nations. This means that any attempt to extract and use the energy will require global cooperation.

One key example of this cooperation is through the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), which has helped nations come to agreements about resource use in international waters. According to recent reports, some countries have already begun discussing the legal framework for accessing and sharing this new treasure, ensuring that no single nation can monopolize the energy and that the benefits are distributed equitably across the globe.

The Greatest Treasure Ever Discovered Beneath the Ocean

Technological Breakthroughs That Could Make This Possible

To turn this potential into reality, we need significant technological advancements. These include:

Underwater Drones and Robots: Engineers are already working on drones that can withstand the deep ocean’s conditions. These robots would be used to scout geothermal vents and potentially assist in installing the necessary energy extraction systems.
Innovative Energy Conversion Systems: New methods of converting the heat from the geothermal vents into usable energy, such as heat exchangers, turbines, and advanced electrical transmission systems, need to be developed.
Efficient Subsea Pipelines: To transport the energy from the extraction points to land, engineers must design subsea pipelines capable of carrying both the energy and the power it generates across vast distances.
Global Collaboration and Funding: Governments, private companies, and international organizations must pool resources to fund and oversee the development of this complex system.

The Future of Geothermal Energy and Its Impact on Society

The potential of geothermal energy is vast, but its realization will take time. If humanity can overcome the technological and political challenges, it could mean an endless source of energy, allowing future generations to live sustainably without the environmental destruction caused by fossil fuels.

The shift toward geothermal energy would dramatically reshape our global infrastructure. Countries no longer dependent on fossil fuel imports would be able to create self-sustaining energy systems, leading to economic stability and potentially even a decrease in global conflicts over energy resources.

Facts About Geothermal Energy

Geothermal Energy Is Ancient: Some geothermal activity has been occurring for millions of years, making it a truly ancient source of energy.
Geothermal Vents Have Diverse Ecosystems: The deep-sea rift valleys where geothermal vents are located host unique ecosystems of creatures that thrive on the heat and chemicals released by these vents.
Geothermal Heat is Already Used on Land: Countries like Iceland already use geothermal energy for heating homes, showing the viability of using this power source on land.

#GeothermalEnergy, #CleanEnergy, #SustainableEnergy, #UnderwaterVents, #OceanEnergy, #RenewableResources, #EnergyRevolution, #InfiniteEnergy, #GlobalCooperation, #TechnologyInnovation, #FutureOfEnergy, #DeepSeaExploration, #EnergySecurity, #ClimateChangeSolutions, #GreenEnergy

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Technology

The Dark Side of Electric Vehicles: Exploring Their Hidden Environmental Cost

By Jonathan Bala January 5, 2025

The Dark Side of Electric Vehicles: Exploring Their Hidden Environmental Cost

Electric vehicles are often hailed as the solution to reducing global greenhouse gas emissions. However, their production process—particularly the refining of critical minerals for batteries—poses significant environmental challenges. Countries like China and India must address pollution risks tied to sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions while balancing decarbonization goals with public health concerns.

Summary

Electric vehicles (EVs) are critical to achieving global sustainability goals, but their production carries hidden environmental costs.
The refining of materials like nickel and cobalt for EV batteries is a major source of sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions.
China and India face distinct challenges:
- China needs to clean up existing domestic EV supply chains.
- India has an opportunity to build a cleaner supply chain from the start.
Sulfur dioxide is a precursor to fine particulate matter, linked to millions of premature deaths annually in both countries.
Even if battery manufacturing is outsourced, pollution issues persist globally.
Adopting lithium iron phosphate batteries could significantly reduce SO2 emissions.
Policymakers must enforce strict air pollution standards to mitigate these challenges.
The research emphasizes the importance of balancing clean energy advancements with minimizing harm to local communities.

Introduction

The electric vehicle (EV) revolution has become a cornerstone of the global fight against climate change. Promising to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and eliminate reliance on fossil fuels, EVs have rapidly gained popularity. Governments, corporations, and individuals alike are making significant investments in EV infrastructure and technology.

But as with any major technological transition, there are challenges. A recent study conducted by Princeton University sheds light on the lesser-discussed environmental consequences of EV production. Specifically, the study highlights how the process of refining materials for EV batteries can generate pollution hotspots, with devastating impacts on human health and the environment.

Environmental Costs of EV Battery Production

Critical Mineral Refining and SO2 Emissions

EV batteries require a range of critical minerals, including nickel, cobalt, and lithium. While these materials are essential for high-capacity battery performance, their production processes involve intensive chemical and thermal refining, releasing harmful byproducts such as sulfur dioxide (SO2).

The study found that domesticating EV supply chains could increase SO2 emissions in countries like China and India by 20%, creating pollution hotspots near battery manufacturing facilities.

Why SO2 Matters

Sulfur dioxide is not just an industrial byproduct—it’s a precursor to fine particulate matter, which poses severe health risks. Both China and India already face significant challenges in managing air quality, with millions of premature deaths linked to pollution each year.

In 2019:
- 1.4 million deaths in China were attributed to fine particulate matter.
- 1.7 million deaths in India were linked to the same cause.

Case Study: China and India

China: Cleaning Up Existing Supply Chains

China is already a leader in EV production, with a well-established domestic supply chain. However, this means that much of the country’s manufacturing emissions—including those from refining critical battery materials—are concentrated locally.

To address this, China must focus on mitigating SO2 emissions from its battery manufacturing processes. While the country has made progress in controlling power-sector emissions, battery-related pollution remains an emerging challenge.

India: Building a Clean Supply Chain from Scratch

Unlike China, India is still in the early stages of EV supply chain development. This gives the country an opportunity to adopt cleaner practices from the outset.

India’s priorities include:

Enforcing strict SO2 controls in the power sector.
Leveraging technologies like flue-gas desulfurization to limit emissions from coal plants.
Encouraging investments in cleaner battery manufacturing techniques.

Global Implications

The environmental consequences of EV production are not confined to individual countries. As global demand for EVs continues to rise, the risks associated with battery manufacturing pollution will become increasingly universal.

Outsourcing Pollution

Even if countries like India and China choose to outsource battery production, the underlying pollution challenges will persist. This underscores the need for global collaboration and proactive policies to address the environmental tradeoffs of EV adoption.

Alternative Battery Chemistries

One promising solution lies in the development of alternative battery chemistries, such as lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries. These batteries rely on more abundant materials, avoiding the intensive refining processes required for nickel and cobalt.

Battery Type	Key Materials	Environmental Impact
Lithium-Ion (Traditional)	Nickel, Cobalt, Lithium	High SO2 emissions from refining
Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP)	Iron, Phosphate, Lithium	Lower emissions and less toxicity

Human-Centered Decarbonization

The study’s authors emphasize the importance of keeping people at the forefront of decarbonization efforts. Technologies like EVs hold great promise, but their adoption must not come at the expense of local communities near manufacturing hubs.

Policy Recommendations

To address these challenges, the researchers propose several actionable solutions:

Enforce strict air pollution standards for battery manufacturing processes.
Incentivize the adoption of alternative battery chemistries like LFP batteries.
Develop global frameworks for managing supply chain pollution.

Facts About EVs

The first electric car was invented in the 1830s, long before gasoline-powered vehicles.
Lithium-ion batteries in EVs can be recycled, reducing waste and conserving resources.
By 2030, EVs are expected to account for over 30% of new car sales worldwide.

Table: Comparing EV and Gasoline Cars

Metric	Electric Vehicles	Gasoline Cars
Emissions During Use	Zero tailpipe emissions	High CO2 and NOx emissions
Production Impact	High SO2 emissions from batteries	Lower overall manufacturing
Fueling Costs	Low (electricity)	High (gasoline)
Maintenance	Lower (fewer moving parts)	Higher (complex engine systems)

While electric vehicles represent a significant step forward in combating climate change, their production processes come with unintended consequences. From sulfur dioxide emissions to global supply chain challenges, policymakers, researchers, and industries must work together to minimize these impacts. By addressing these hidden costs, we can ensure that the transition to EVs benefits not just the planet but also the people who inhabit it.

References

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